This course begins with an introduction to the background of the economic reform and opening-up drive of China since the end of 1978. The impacts of this reform and opening up on the evolution of Chinese culture will be subsequently examined. It ends with a critical reflection on the modernization/globalization and future development of Chinese culture. It mainly deals with issues related to moral and ethical challenges in the contemporary public affairs, such as environmental degradation, gender equality, social cohesion, and technological innovation, in the light of the current economic and political policies and social stratifications in China.