This course discusses the significance of intangible cultural heritage (ICH) to the local communities and the state in Hong Kong and South China. After briefing on the history, geography and demographic characteristics of Hong Kong, Macau, Canton and other main zones of Cantonese-speaking groups in the “Lingnan Region”, the course then introduces the evolution of the concept of Intangible Cultural Heritage in recent decades, and relevant bureaucratic structures in Hong Kong and South China to promote and manage the ICH. Through historical and ethnographic perspectives, the role of the local community in the creation and the conservation of different types of intangible cultural heritage and traditions are analysed in different lectures. At the end of the course, the students will be able to estimate the contributions of the ICH to Hong Kong and other provinces in South China and to make possible suggestions to the future of ICH inside Hong Kong and beyond.