This course aims to introduce the major geological and geomorphological processes that contribute to formation of various landforms and natural geographical features. The first part of this course introduces tectonic processes that contribute to the development of Earth’s major relief features, and the processes of weathering, erosion and deposition with regard to landform development especially in Hong Kong. The second part introduces climatology with emphases on the formation of major climatic regions. This is followed by a comprehensive analysis of the development and characteristics of soils and vegetation on the Earth’s surface. Emphasis is placed on their distribution, soil-plant interactions and their significance in human’s use of land.